Microservice design pattern is a software architecture approach that structures applications as a collection of independently deployable, small, and modular services that communicate with each other through APIs. This approach allows developers to create applications faster, reduce dependence between services, and increase scalability and resilience.
One example of microservice design pattern is an e-commerce application. This application can have microservices for user account management, product catalog management, shopping cart management, order management, and payment processing. Each microservice will have its own isolated database, and all communication between these services will happen through APIs. This approach enables developers to work on different services simultaneously, deploy them independently, and scale services based on their usage. Additionally, if one service fails, the overall system won’t collapse, as the other services will continue to operate independently.
Single Responsibility Principle: Each microservice should have only one responsibility, providing a clear separation of concerns.
API Gateway: An API gateway acts as a single entry point for all requests, providing a unified interface to external clients.
Service Registry: Service registry is used to keep track of all the available microservices in a system.
Service Discovery: Service discovery is the process of finding the location and endpoint of the required microservice.
Load Balancing: Load balancing is used to distribute requests among multiple instances of a microservice to ensure availability and scalability.
Circuit Breaker: Circuit breaker provides fault tolerance by avoiding cascading failures in the system.
Event-Driven Architecture: This approach ensures that microservices communicate asynchronously through events, rather than directly.
Containerization: Containerization facilitates the deployment and management of microservices using containers.
DevOps: Microservice-based applications require a continuous integration and delivery pipeline to ensure smooth deployment and operation.
Resilience: Resilience is critical for microservices, ensuring that the system can recover from failures, handle high loads, and remain highly available.
Answer: The service registry pattern is used to provide a centralized location where microservices can register themselves and discover other services they depend on. This allows for flexibility in deployment and enables dynamic scaling within a microservices architecture.
Answer: The circuit breaker pattern is used to prevent failing microservices from causing cascading failures throughout the system. It involves introducing a layer of logic that monitors requests to a service and trips a circuit breaker if the service is experiencing too many failures. This reduces the load on the service and prevents other microservices from being affected by its failure.
Answer: The basic gateway pattern is used to provide a single entry point for incoming requests from clients. It can be used to manage security and routing of requests to different microservices. An API gateway builds on the basic gateway pattern and is specifically designed to manage requests to APIs. It provides features such as caching, rate limiting, and versioning of API endpoints.
Answer: The event sourcing pattern involves storing data in the form of a sequence of events that describe changes to an entity over time. This allows for easy reconstruction of the entity’s state at any point in time. When a microservice needs to retrieve data, it can query the event log and reconstruct the entity’s state by applying the events in order.
Answer: The polyglot persistence pattern is used to allow microservices to use multiple types of databases to store data. This allows each microservice to choose the most appropriate database for their specific needs, such as scalability or consistency. It also allows for easier data migration and reduces the risk of data loss due to a single point of failure.